What is a singularity? (Beginner)
- Answered by Jagadheep D. Pandian
- Views: 129105
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- In Nirvana Fruition - true Timeless (Eternality) is the phenonmenon.
That is why meditator in Jhana or Fruition - become body sariras in "Timeless" Eternality.
Remember the math analogy :-
1st Universe - 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ................ 0.999999......, 1
2nd Universe - 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 ................ 1.999999......, 2
to infinity Universe............................. until Great Final Nirvana 大涅槃 !!! - ----
Reading astronomy books, I've come up with the word "singularity" a lot, but I can't figure out what it exactly means.
A singularity means a point where some property is infinite. For example, at the center of a black hole, according to classical theory, the density is infinite (because a finite mass is compressed to a zero volume). Hence it is a singularity. Similarly, if you extrapolate the properties of the universe to the instant of the Big Bang, you will find that both the density and the temperature go to infinity, and so that also is a singularity. It must be stated that these come due to the breaking down of the classical theory. As yet, there is no theory of quantum gravity, but it is entirely possible that the singularities may be avoided with a theory of quantum gravity.
What is a white hole? (Advanced)
- Answered by Karen Masters
- Views: 324877
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White Hole - can it be Nirvana?
Because Nirvana are mental aggregates (or mental states) - not a physical states or properties that enwrap the Physical Universe.
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I have read a lot about black holes and have gained wisdom of the subject. My question: are there such things as white holes - and if so, what do they do?
Before I answer this question I would like to point you to Kate Becker's discussion of why it is so hard to understand the expansion of the universe. The exact same argument applies here. White holes are not something that it is possible to understand using physical intuition. White holes pop up in general relativity (which also explains the expansion of the universe) and that theory as a whole is not easy to understand physically. The only way most people can understand general relativity is through mathematics, which, like Kate said, it not the way that most people are used to understanding things.
Hopefully that will give you some idea of why it is so hard to explain some of these concepts without resorting to mathematics. This does not mean that we shouldn't try, but it does mean that we might not succeed at the first try. Many smart people try very hard to get ideas from General Relativity across without using the Mathematics which the theory is based on, but that is something that is very hard to do. It probably requires a level of understanding of the theory which I would absolutely NOT claim to have.
Anyway I'll have a go.....
What is a white hole?
The short answer is that a white hole is something which probably cannot exist in the real universe. A white hole will turn up in your mathematics if you explore the space-time around a black hole without including the star which made the black hole (i.e. there is absolutely no matter in the solution). Once you add any matter to the space-time, the part which included a white hole disappears.
How can you have a black hole with no mass?
- Mathematically this is actually the simplest kind of black hole. Once the singularity is set up it will hold itself together, so the tricky part is setting up the singularity.
- The only way to set up the singularity in the real universe is to start with it being there. Somehow the universe has to form with ready made singularities.
Why can't white holes exist in nature?
- There is no reason to suggest that the universe started out with ready made singularities. It would actually be quite odd if it did.
- Once even the tiniest speck of dust enters the part of space-time which includes the black hole, the part which includes the white hole disappears. The universe has been around for a long time and so even if it did start with white holes, they all would have disappeared by now.
Why bother with the solution if it isn't realistic?
- It's easier than realistic solutions. (!)
- Part of the solution is close to being realistic. This part does not include the white hole and describes the space-time outside of a normal black hole.
What would a white hole look like if it did exist?
The person/people who came up with the term 'white hole' was actually being quite literal. A white hole is pretty much like an 'anti-black hole'. A black hole is a place where matter can be lost from the universe. A white hole is a place where (if it could exist with any matter in it - which it can't) matter would pop out into the universe. This has many similarities to the Big Bang singularity (although it's not quite the same, since there was nothing before the Big Bang).
Where can I read more?
Try Exploring Black Holes by Taylor and Wheeler for a good undergraduate level text book on black holes and relativity. I also likeBlack Holes and Time Warps by Kip Thorne, which has a nice history of the subject.
Footnote: This is my second attempt at an explanation. In the interest of openness I leave the first attempt here also:
"In the full, and most simple General Relativistic solution for a space-time which has a Black Hole (in a vacuum), there are two singularities. One is in what we call the 'future-light cone' and this is the Black Hole. The other is in the 'past-light cone' and is called a White Hole. This solution is however completely unphysical in many ways and in a real Black Hole (formed from the collapse of a star for example) we cannot use the vacuum solution as there is matter present, and the White Hole singularity disappears.
"So the answer to your question is that there is only such a thing as a White Hole in the theory of Black Holes and no such thing is possible physically."
This page was last updated on June 27, 2015.
Karen Masters
Karen was a graduate student at Cornell from 2000-2005. She went on to work as a researcher in galaxy redshift surveys at Harvard University, and is now on the Faculty at the University of Portsmouth back in her home country of the UK. Her research lately has focused on using the morphology of galaxies to give clues to their formation and evolution. She is the Project Scientist for the Galaxy Zoo project.
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