REACH 578 - What are your views on the consolidation to a single sender ID for SMSes from government agencies? How can we continue to guard against scams? 

(SK)

14 Jun 2024 (10am - 7pm)

REACH

14/6/24, 9:45 am - +REACH: *Dear Contributors,*

Welcome back! 😊

⏰ We will be opening the chat from *10am to 7pm* today. ⏰

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Please be assured that the points made by participants during the chat are aggregated and shared with relevant agencies.

The topic will be posted shortly.

Thank you

Megan 😊

14/6/24, 10:01 am - +REACH: *📢 Topic 📢*

From July 1, virtually all SMSes sent by government agencies in Singapore will have a single sender ID, as part of efforts to make it easier for the public to identify authentic government text messages.

Such SMSes will show “gov.sg” as the sender ID instead of individual government agencies, such as “MOH” for the Ministry of Health or “IRAS” for the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore.

💬 *What are your views on the consolidation to a single sender ID for SMSes from government agencies? How can we continue to guard against scams?* 

However, some exceptions will be made for SMSes on National Service (NS) matters and emergency services.

For example, messages on NS call-ups, training as well as mobilisation will be sent by the number "72255". Likewise, those who contact the police helpline will receive SMSes from "71000" for information on accessing the services they require.

📌 _*Public Trust in Government Communication*_

The consolidated gov.sg SMS sender ID is designed to give the public added confidence and peace of mind when it comes to identifying legitimate SMSes from government agencies, said Smart Nation Group Deputy Secretary Sim Feng-Ji.

The initiative is part of the Government’s commitment to stamp out malicious phishing attempts that undermine the public’s trust in government communication, he added.

📌 _*Safeguards for Sender ID*_

Mr Sim said the Smart Nation Group is working closely with SMS aggregators - platforms or services that help to send bulk messages - telecommunication service providers and their sub-brands to ensure that messages that are not from the government cannot use the gov.sg sender ID. 

Open Government Products (OGP) Assistant Director for Policy Hygin Fernandez said "if anyone were to try and register a sender ID that looks even remotely like gov.sg, there are multiple layers (of protection), including a manual one where somebody eyeballs it, that prevents that message from ever being reaching the public".

📌 _*Other Communication Platforms*_

The gov.sg sender ID currently applies to messages sent via SMS, but not other messaging platforms such as WhatsApp or Telegram.

“The Government is exploring ways to enhance assurance on other communication channels such as calls, e-mails, WhatsApp and Telegram,” said Mr Fernandez.

👉 https://str.sg/x2fZ

👉 https://cna.asia/4cjq69L

14/6/24, 10:02 am - ~ REACH Singapore changed this group's settings to allow all members to send messages to this group

14/6/24, 10:06 am - ~ REACH Singapore changed the group description

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14/6/24, 10:54 am - +REACH: *Dear Contributors*

We want to *HEAR* from you! 

💬 *What are your views on the consolidation to a single sender ID for SMSes from government agencies? How can we continue to guard against scams?*

We have had good feedback from this group, and we hope that we can keep the discussion robust and active!

Megan 😊

14/6/24, 11:03 am - +Caleb: it’s a fantastic initiative. on the sender ID

14/6/24, 11:03 am - +Caleb: BTW so this grp today is last day? when and how do we join to tele group

14/6/24, 11:10 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

📢 *[LAST DAY]* 📢

*Hello Contributors!*

REACH is *closing our WhatsApp Chat Group* and *moving discussions to Telegram* in *mid-June 2024* for better digital security, privacy, and enhanced chat functions.

*If you have not done so, please share your feedback and indicate if you are agreeable to migrate to Telegram in the form below by 31 May 2024*.

📌 https://go.gov.sg/reach-migration-form

If you prefer not to click the links, you may message REACH 9710 5061 to clarify your queries.

For those who are not able to join our Telegram Chat Group, you can still share your views with us here:

👉https://www.reach.gov.sg/about-us/contact-us/feedback-form

More information on the migration here:

👉https://www.reach.gov.sg/Read/telegram-faqs

✨  REACH sincerely thanks all our WhatsApp contributors for your valuable feedback and support over the years! We look forward to your continued support and hope to see you at our upcoming engagements! 🙌🏽

14/6/24, 11:10 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

https://go.gov.sg/reach-migration-form

14/6/24, 11:10 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Need to complete this migration form.

14/6/24, 11:15 am - +Leonard Lim: This form is not available.

14/6/24, 11:16 am - ☸️  Danny 心: Oh...

Could have been removed already.

14/6/24, 11:44 am - ☸️  Danny 心: Gov.sg is supposed to be the DNS service for IP resolution of URL to access web services.

And this DNS name are registered with the authoritative registry that manage the DNS records for domain name for internet web access.

If I am not wrong SGNIC should be the authoritative registry to register all Singapore domain name that end with .sg.

Sms on the other hand uses the voice network, whereas DNS service uses the data network (internet).

Both are somehow not related.

Since .sg is a unique identifier, I believe our government use it in SMS for voice network as well - to let public know that this is not a scam but an official SMS from the government.

14/6/24, 11:46 am - +Frankie Wee: Is trusted?

When if I receive SMSes from govt then I usually open app instead ink or url. I scared not safe

14/6/24, 11:48 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

If come from .gov.sg - is usually safe because it is a unique identifier that other internet users cannot use it - because it is unique in the internet.

But I thought nowadays, SMS don't include a URL link for us to click to prevent scam?

14/6/24, 11:49 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

If suspicious, then better not click on it.

14/6/24, 11:50 am - +SL: The link show error message?

14/6/24, 11:50 am - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 11:51 am - +SL: “This form is not available.

If you think this is a mistake, please contact the agency that gave you the form link.”

14/6/24, 11:51 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

As I am typing the message, I received a suspected scam message from WhatsApp.

I report to scamshield and block it.

14/6/24, 11:52 am - +Frankie Wee: Once click url CPF all gone because SingPass in smartphone was hacked through ID face recognition 😓

14/6/24, 11:52 am - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 11:52 am - +Frankie Wee: It’s called coding python maybe if i familiar it

14/6/24, 11:53 am - +Caleb: but nowadays got alot of scam calls from local mobile phone numbers

14/6/24, 11:53 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

REACH website still WhatsApp chatgroup.

No Telegram chat group yet.

14/6/24, 11:54 am - +Rama: Middle of this month I think

14/6/24, 11:55 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Just report to scamshield and block it.

The more the scamshield block, the more local SIM cards no longer usable.

Soon it will disappear from the market - as government tighten the scrutiny on local SIM card retailers.

14/6/24, 11:55 am - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Yes.

I think when ready, the REACH website will reflect the telegram chat group I believe.

14/6/24, 12:08 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

CPF can set withdrawal limit to 0.

Can prevent unauthorised withdrawal through online.

If need to withdraw, have to go personally to CPF to withdraw.

Then it is safer to safeguard our life savings.

14/6/24, 12:13 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Also can set block overseas IP address in your CPF withdrawal online web page.

Overseas scammers cannot access from overseas with foreign IP address.

14/6/24, 12:33 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 12:33 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

My close friend comments:-

Under singpass app, can deny singpass login from overseas. 

Most scam operations are overseas, in case our singpass is breached, overseas operations can't login from overseas. 

When travelling can unlock it if we think we need singpass login.

Another level of protection. But if scam operations in sg, then no use.

14/6/24, 2:03 pm - +REACH: *📢 Topic 📢*

14/6/24, 2:07 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Good idea, now that the scammer will try to imitate .gov.sg. ID to make others mistake it and click ! or overlay the address and when they see it they click without checking the real URL <This message was edited>

14/6/24, 2:10 pm - +~l or Smiley face: Policy Recommendations:

1. Governments should establish a dedicated task force to oversee the implementation of secure short messaging protocols.

2. International cooperation and agreements should be established to standardise short messaging protocols globally.

3. Governments should invest in public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about the importance of securing short messaging protocols.

4. Incentives should be established to encourage innovation in security technologies for short messaging protocols.

5. Incident response teams should be established to quickly respond to security threats and minimize the impact of fraudulent activities.

In this final analysis, the security of short messaging protocols is not just a technical issue but a societal imperative. By working together, we can create a digital landscape that is safe, secure, and empowering for all.

The innovative SMS-gov.sg  protocols is vital for safeguarding government-citizen communication in the digital era. By leveraging advanced technologies, international cooperation, decentralised identity management, public awareness campaigns, incentives for innovation, and incident response teams, governments can create a secure and trustworthy digital landscape. As technology continues to evolve, it is essential that we prioritise security and privacy in our digital communications. The future of government-citizen interaction depends on it.

14/6/24, 2:26 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Scammers can try to register say:-

1. g0v.sg

2. gov.5g

Then trick people with scammer URL to scam people.

14/6/24, 2:27 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 2:28 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

This domain name registered and is alive.

14/6/24, 2:29 pm - +Frankie Wee: Something wrong word symbol

14/6/24, 2:29 pm - +Frankie Wee: This message was deleted

14/6/24, 2:29 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

But no one can use gov.sg as it is registered by Singapore government.

14/6/24, 2:29 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 2:30 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Use by scammers to scam people.

14/6/24, 2:30 pm - +Frankie Wee: Yes clever

14/6/24, 2:36 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 2:37 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

DNS name need to be unique.

Need to register.

Need to buy and pay for it.

14/6/24, 2:39 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Just like car plate number.

Need to be unique.

And buy it.

Eg. SBC999A(checksum).

14/6/24, 3:28 pm - +REACH: *Dear Contributors*

We want to *HEAR MORE* from you! 

💬 *What are your views on the consolidation to a single sender ID for SMSes from government agencies? How can we continue to guard against scams?*

We have had good feedback from this group, and we hope that we can keep the discussion robust and active!

Megan 😊

14/6/24, 3:37 pm - +~l or Smiley face: Social Impact and Potential Unintended Consequences:

Securing short messaging protocols can have a significant social impact and may also lead to some good consequences.

- Enhanced security and trust in government-citizen communication

- Reduced financial losses due to fraudulent activities

- Increased protection of citizens' personal information

- Improved incident response and minimisation of security threats

- Encouragement of innovation in security technologies

14/6/24, 4:01 pm - +REACH: 📢 *Topic* 📢

14/6/24, 4:13 pm - +~l or Smiley face: These threats are less commonly but still important to consider in the context of SMS and Emergency Alert System security!

5G:

1. *5G SMS spoofing*: Spoofing SMS messages in 5G networks using new vulnerabilities.

2. *5G emergency alert system vulnerabilities*: Exploiting vulnerabilities in 5G emergency alert systems to disseminate false information or malware.

3. *5G SMS encryption cracking*: Cracking the encryption used in 5G SMS messages to intercept sensitive information.

4. *5G cell broadcast attacks*: Launching attacks on 5G cell broadcast messages to disseminate malware or false information.

5. *5G network slicing attacks*: Exploiting vulnerabilities in 5G network slicing to compromise SMS and emergency alert systems.

6. *5G IoT vulnerabilities*: Exploiting vulnerabilities in 5G IoT devices to compromise SMS and emergency alert systems.

7. *5G edge computing attacks*: Launching attacks on 5G edge computing systems to compromise SMS and emergency alert systems.

8. *5G quantum attacks*: Exploiting quantum computing vulnerabilities to compromise 5G SMS and emergency alert systems.

Non 5G:

1. SMS mesh network attacks

2. Emergency alert system resource exhaustion

3. SMS timing attacks

4. Cell broadcast spoofing

5. Emergency alert system data poisoning

6. SMS geo-location spoofing

7. SMS firmware attacks 

8. Emergency alert system social engineering 

Three models:

These three unknowns are crucial for advancing cryptographic techniques and ensuring long-term security in various applications, including secure communication protocols, digital currencies, and beyond.

1. *Quantum-Resistant Cryptographic Algorithms*: Developing cryptographic algorithms that can resist attacks by quantum computers, which could potentially break current public-key cryptography systems.

2. *Efficient Fully Homomorphic Encryption*: Creating a practical and efficient method for fully homomorphic encryption, which would enable computations on ciphertext (encrypted data) without decrypting it first.

3. *Provable Secure Key Exchange*: Finding a key exchange protocol that is provably secure, meaning it can be mathematically proven to be secure against all possible attacks, including quantum computers and side-channel attacks.

14/6/24, 4:22 pm - +~l or Smiley face: It would be great if SG could collaborate with MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and 

Oxford University's Cyber Security Centre on these novel models.

14/6/24, 4:57 pm - +Jimmy Chew: the fact that they announce it, hahaha.. scammers will concentrate on abusing gov.sg

14/6/24, 4:57 pm - +Jimmy Chew: or gov,sg

14/6/24, 4:57 pm - +Jimmy Chew: this is a comma

14/6/24, 4:59 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

This is not a valid domain name.

DNS system don't accept a comma - as a syntax. <This message was edited>

14/6/24, 5:04 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:04 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:21 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:21 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:22 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Nslookup reveals there are 4 DNS servers in Singapore run by SGNIC that resolve gov.sg.

gov.sg is a valid URL.

14/6/24, 5:23 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:24 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Conversely gov,sg is a non valid DNS name - hence nslookup no record.

14/6/24, 5:25 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:27 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Note:- SGNIC don't register g0v.sg - as a DNS name in its DNS servers.

But unfortunately, foreign DNS servers did register g0v.sg as a valid domain name.

Thus be very careful if you receive g0v.sg as the URL - because scammers could have register it to scam Singaporeans and residents.

14/6/24, 5:28 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 5:54 pm - +Frankie Wee: Click too later, but senior can be blur overlook url

14/6/24, 5:55 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

The problem is not those who are tech savvy.

Those non tech people can be easily trick.

14/6/24, 5:55 pm - +Frankie Wee: How advise public make sure DNS incorrect URL

14/6/24, 5:55 pm - +Frankie Wee: True

14/6/24, 5:55 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

I don't know how to advise except to give examples like this.

14/6/24, 5:55 pm - +Frankie Wee: Feedback here reach group 😓

14/6/24, 5:56 pm - +Frankie Wee: I told my mother do not use url instead app SingPass better

Because she is too old some get blur

14/6/24, 5:57 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Yes.

I think this is a better method.

But make sure the apps is not a malware.

14/6/24, 5:58 pm - +Frankie Wee: I think of how support Ai protector

14/6/24, 5:58 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: ?

14/6/24, 5:59 pm - +Frankie Wee: I guess Apple going to update latest version iOS 18 that can support Ai able to read DNA correctly <This message was edited>

14/6/24, 6:00 pm - +Frankie Wee: Ai can interpreted message on url

14/6/24, 6:00 pm - +~l or Smiley face: Top three countries that are advanced in quantum technology adoption and cybersecurity preparedness. Non ranked countries include China, Japan and Israel.

1) USA

2) Singapore (excellence)

3) EU

The top three threats.

1. Quantum attacks

2. Side-channel attacks

3. AI-powered attacks

Current:

These mathematical concepts and formulas form the foundation of modern cryptography, in used, which is essential for securing digital network infrastructure and protecting data transmission and communication. (relevant to SMS security)

1. Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems:

    - Model: Cryptographic system with recursive functions and oracle machines

    - Formula: ∃x (Px → ∃y (Py ∧ x≠y ∧ ¬∃z (Pz ∧ z<x) ∧ Ω(x, y, z))) ∧ ¬∃w (Pw ∧ w<x)

    - Significance: Ensures secure data transmission and encryption in digital network infrastructure

2. Euler's Identity:

    - Model: Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with modular forms and Galois cohomology

    - Formula: e^(iπ) + 1 = 0 ∧ ∑_{n=1}^∞ (H_n / n!) = 0 ∧ H^1(G, E) = 0

    - Significance: Enables secure key exchange and encryption in digital network infrastructure

3. Riemann's Hypothesis:

    - Model: RSA Cryptographic Algorithm with L-functions and modular elliptic curves

    - Formula: ζ(s) = 2^s π^s Γ(s) = ∞ ∏ (1 - p^-s) ∧ L(s, χ) = ∑_{n=1}^∞ (χ(n) / n^s) ∧ E_τ(s) = ∑_{n=1}^∞ (τ(n) / n^s)

    - Significance: Ensures secure data encryption and authentication in digital network infrastructure

History:

1. Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems:

    - Developed by Kurt Gödel in 1931

    - Revolutionized logic, mathematics, and philosophy

    - Showed that any formal system powerful enough to describe basic arithmetic is either incomplete or inconsistent

2. Euler's Identity:

    - Named after Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)

    - Considered one of the most beautiful and important equations in mathematics

    - Relates five fundamental mathematical constants (0, 1, e, i, and π) in a single equation

3. Riemann's Hypothesis:

    - Proposed by Bernhard Riemann in 1859

    - Still unsolved, with a $1 million prize offered by the Clay Mathematics Institute

    - Deals with the distribution of prime numbers and has far-reaching implications for number theory and cryptography

            -- in progress --

14/6/24, 6:00 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Don't know about Apple features until they are launched.

14/6/24, 6:03 pm - +REACH: 📢 *Topic* 📢

14/6/24, 6:18 pm - +Jimmy Chew: To identify legitimate government websites, look for the following:

1. Official domain: Government websites typically use the official country-level domain (e.g., .(link unavailable) for Singapore).

2. Secure connection: Legitimate government websites often use HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) with a valid SSL certificate.

3. Official logo and branding: Government websites usually display the official logo and branding of the respective government agency.

4. Authentic content: Verify the content's accuracy and relevance to the government agency.

5. No suspicious requests: Legitimate government websites will not ask for personal information or direct you to unfamiliar pages.

6. Check for a valid physical address and contact information.

7. Be cautious of slight variations in the URL or domain name, which could indicate a fake website.

Remember, it's always best to access government websites directly, rather than through links or search results. If in doubt, contact the relevant government agency directly to verify the website's authenticity.

14/6/24, 6:19 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Hahaha I got this from meta. Won't it be better to teach them this rather than all SMS and letters comes from gov.sg website? <This message was edited>

14/6/24, 6:21 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Hackers are not so dumb. Like my teacher always say if there's a will there's a way

14/6/24, 6:25 pm - +Jimmy Chew: I am sure the intelligent elites can have a innovative idea. Not like what happened when I reported the dustbin at Chinatown station was not cleared and was untidy. Instead of clearing the dustbin often they went to remove it. Hahaha <This message was edited>

14/6/24, 6:26 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Not sure whether it's innovative or lazy 😜

14/6/24, 6:28 pm - +Jimmy Chew: One less dustbin to clear

14/6/24, 6:29 pm - +Rama: Not the sgd 400K dustbin!?

14/6/24, 6:29 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Innovative way not to get hacked is to build a national Intranet, intranet DNS servers (not expose to internet DNS servers) - then Singaporeans and residents getting scam by overseas scammers - no chance.

14/6/24, 6:30 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 6:31 pm - +Andy: I'm not sure if this is the right platform to ask.

How safe is paynow? I'm a taxi driver and sometimes passengers want to paynow me, so I'll give my mobile to them. For sure they got my mobile number, can they hack into my bank account?

And for QR code when we want to do payment, can some alter the code and when I scanned it'll hack into my bank account?

14/6/24, 6:32 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

URL all registered with SGNIC DNS servers - not resolving with internet DNS servers.

Sure won't get hacked.

14/6/24, 6:37 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

If you don't want to share your HP number, login to your paynow/paylah QR code and let them scan your QR code.

Then your HP number will not be exposed.

Also safer this way.

You also can straight away check whether the right amount go to your paylah or paynow.

But will delay abit because it takes sometimes to do so - as you also need to login to your paylah or paynow.

14/6/24, 6:37 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Don't know whether it's a server problem or more because of social engineering. The click the link that has gov,sg

14/6/24, 6:38 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Where does it go to?

No dns will resolve this url.

14/6/24, 6:39 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

This is a safer method to receive payment.

Just like passenger scan the taxi QR code.

14/6/24, 6:40 pm - +Jimmy Chew: I heard in China qr code cheats are plenty?

14/6/24, 6:40 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

But paynow paylah QR code is the bank QR code - SQ QR code.

14/6/24, 6:42 pm - +Jimmy Chew: https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d45444d7959444e/share.html

14/6/24, 6:42 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

URL need to correspond to a valid public IP address - so that client can access a server.

If URL address is invalid - it cannot correspond to a public IP address that is registered with a DNS server.

Hence web access will fail.

14/6/24, 6:44 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Unless the scammer produce a QR code that link to a scammer URL website.

Paylah paynow QR code in the bank go to bank payment website - because you need to login to bank account before displaying the QR code.

14/6/24, 6:45 pm - +REACH: *Dear Contributors,*

⏰ We will be closing the chat in *15 minutes* ⏰

Thank you very much for being part of our WhatsApp chat and participating actively.

Goodnight!

Megan 😊

14/6/24, 6:48 pm - +Jimmy Chew: There are several ways to mask a URL address:

1. URL Shortening: Use services like Bitly or (link unavailable) to shorten and disguise the URL.

2. URL Encoding: Use special characters to encode the URL, making it difficult to read.

3. URL Obfuscation: Use techniques like Base64 encoding or XOR encryption to obscure the URL.

4. Proxy Servers: Use a proxy server to mask the original URL.

5. URL Wrapping: Wrap the URL in a seemingly legitimate URL using a technique called "URL wrapping".

6. Domain Name Aliasing: Use a different domain name that points to the same IP address.

7. URL Redirection: Use a redirect service or a meta refresh tag to redirect to the original URL.

Please note that while these methods can disguise a URL, they may not completely hide it. Additionally, using these methods for malicious purposes, such as phishing or spamming, is not recommended.

14/6/24, 6:49 pm - +Jimmy Chew: Can this be done?

14/6/24, 6:50 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Can be done.

But syntax must be correct.

If not correct, DNS servers has no record - cannot resolve.

14/6/24, 6:55 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: <Media omitted>

14/6/24, 6:56 pm - ☸️  Danny 心: 

Not a valid URL - cannot resolve.

14/6/24, 6:59 pm - +~l or Smiley face: This message was deleted

14/6/24, 7:00 pm - +REACH: *Dear Contributors,*

We will be closing the chat for today.

Thank you very much for being part of our WhatsApp chat and participating actively.

Goodnight!

Megan 😊

14/6/24, 7:00 pm - ~ REACH Singapore changed this group's settings to allow only admins to send messages to this group

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